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Objects Specialty Group Conservation Wiki

Welcome to the Objects section of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC) Conservation Catalog Wiki site, compiled by members of the AIC Objects Specialty Group.

• The Objects Specialty Group (OSG) was organized to support professional development of art conservators specializing in three-dimensional art and artifacts. OSG members treat a broad range of artifacts including archaeological and ethnographic objects, decorative arts, sculpture, contemporary art, and historic collections. The 600+ members include conservators employed at museums, private practices, regional centers, universities, and training programs.

• The goal of the OSG Conservation Catalog Wiki is to provide information on the broad range of materials and topics encountered in the conservation of objects. The wiki will reflect the exciting variety of techniques, treatments, and approaches currently being used by objects conservators-- so if you're a practicing objects conservator, this is the place to talk about the particulars of the profession. To use this wiki you can either browse the headings below or you can type your topic directly into the search box at the left of the screen to find a page.

• This wiki is currently under construction and all pages should be considered drafts. The Objects Conservation Catalog is an ongoing process rather than an end product. Consider getting involved and sharing your expertise in your favorite subject whether it's materials, techniques, philosophy, or style. Here is how to contribute, including information on getting started.

• The Objects Conservation Catalog wiki pages are published for members of the OSG. Publication in the catalog does not endorse, approve, or recommend any treatments, methods, or techniques described. Individual conservators are solely responsible for determining the necessity, safety, and adequacy of a treatment for a particular object and must understand the effect of their treatment. This information is intended to be used by conservators, museum professionals, and members of the public for educational purposes only. It is not designed to substitute for the consultation of a trained conservator. To find a conservator, please visit AIC's Find a Conservator page.

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Objects Specialty Group Conservation Catalog

What is Objects Conservation?

Objects Conservation is the term commonly used to refer to the conservation of three-dimensional artifacts and works of art. The knowledge and skills required for this work overlap heavily with other conservation specialties, necessarily including experience with many of the same materials (such as paper and paint) with the addition of others such as ceramics, glass, and metal. The distinction between this conservation specialty and others was historically based on the traditional divisions in fine arts (e.g. sculpture, as opposed to painting or drawing). As the discipline has expanded, the role of object conservators has come to embrace many areas outside of fine arts. Some are listed below, and some, such as Wooden Artifacts, form distinct specialty groups within the American Institute for Conservation and Historic Works (AIC). Objects conservators may be members of several groups, and frequently must collaborate with other specialists, to meet the broad demands of the profession.

Conservation Practices

Objects conservation projects can be as varied as the routine maintenance of an outdoor bronze sculpture, the repair of a broken porcelain plate, cleaning a tarnished silver candlestick, testing a Native American shirt for arsenic (historically used as a pesticide on organic collections), or investigating the authenticity of a stone sculpture from Asia. However, in accordance with the AIC code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practice, every conservation project should include the following steps: request by the owner, examination by the conservator, proposal, approval, treatment or analysis, and documentation. Each project includes a collaboration between the conservator and the owner to understand and address the needs of the object and the demands placed on it. Treatments require a thorough knowledge of the chemical principles behind cleaning or other irreversible steps, as well as an understanding of the long-term behavior of treatment materials such as adhesives, fills and coatings.

Object Materials and Types

This section aims to unite articles that discuss conservation techniques of the various materials and object types encountered by objects conservators. Articles found here focus on the details of conservation care, but also seek to provide basic information and references on materials and technology. When you begin adding content to a new page or editing an existing page in this section, it is recommended that you use the Object Materials and Types Template created specifically for the Objects Conservation Catalog wiki.

Characterizing and understanding of materials is fundamental to the practice of conservation. Before undertaking passive or active intervention with a work of art or artifact, a conservator must identify the media to know how the object will age, deteriorate, and respond to treatment. Conservators organize materials into groups that share similar material or structural characteristics, and/or have conservation issues in common. Three-dimensional objects are typically divided into two fundamental chemical categories: organic and inorganic materials. However, many objects are constructed from a composite of these material types, and some materials themselves, such as bone and ivory, have both organic and inorganic components. Therefore, the contents of the following section are presented in alphabetical order.

Conservation Tools, Equipment, and Materials

Objects Conservation Equipment

Information about frequently used equipment, instrumentation, and tools used by conservators.

Hand Tools

Information about frequently used hand tools.

Materials

Bibliographic references on cleaning, Gels and thickeners, adhesives and consolidants, fill materials, Molding and casting, colorants, and protective coatings.

Mounting and Display

Proper support while in transit or on display is a critical element of the long-term preservation and care of an object, and as such falls under the conservator's area of concern. Conservators are also often involved in the testing of the materials used in mountmaking and display, to assess their longevity and stability for use in contact with artworks of various media. For more on the specialized field of Mountmaking, including publication references and information about the Mountmakers Forum, please visit the AIC Mountmaking page.

Magnet Mounts

Contribute to the Objects Wiki

Content and Formatting Guides

Basic Objects Template

The basic template includes the standard Objects Wiki introductory text and formatting guides, such as the specialty group logo, contributors, copyright information, cautionary text, draft banner, and standardized headers.

Object Materials and Types Template

The template for object materials and types is more specific and should be used for articles found in the Objects Wiki section on Object Materials and Types, and can be used as a guide for general pages as well.


Copyright: 2011. The Objects Group Wiki pages are a publication of the Objects Specialty Group of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works. The Objects Group Wiki pages are published for the members of the Objects Specialty Group. Publication does not endorse or recommend any treatments, methods, or techniques described herein.